بسم الله الرحمن الرحيم
اَلْحَمْدُ لِلّهِ بِجَمِیعِ مَحَامِدِه
کُلِّهَا عَلَی جَمِیعِ نِعَمِهِ کُلِّهَا… اَلْحَمْدُ لِلّهِ مالِکِ الْمُلْکِ
مُجْرِی الْفُلْکِ مُسَخِّرِ الرِّیاحِ فالِقِ الاْصْباحِ دَیّانِ الدّینِ رَبِّ
الْعَالَمینَ اَلْحَمْدُ لِلّهِ عَلی حِلْمِهِ بَعْدَ عِلمِهِ وَالْحَمْدُ لِلّهِ
عَلی عَفْوِهِ بَعْدَ
قُدْرَتِهِ وَالْحَمْدُ لِلّهِ عَلی طُولِ
اَناتِهِ فی غَضَبِهِ وَهُوَ قادِرٌ عَلی ما یُریدُ
ثم الصلاه و السلام علی محمد عبده و رسوله
ارسله بالهدی و دین الحق لیظهره علی الدین کله و لو کره المشرکون
اوصیکم عبادالله و نفسی بتقوی الله و اتباع
امره و نهیه، و اخوفکم من عقابه
Fifteen virtues:
Divine beneficial business
صَبَرُوا أَيَّاماً قَصِيرَةً أَعْقَبَتْهُمْ رَاحَةً طَوِيلَةً؛
تِجَارَةٌ مُرْبِحَةٌ يَسَّرَهَا لَهُمْ رَبُّهُمْ
They will endure a few brief days with
patience, and afterward they will see the everlasting comfort of Paradise, this
is the most beneficial business that their Lord has provided for them.
The virtues of the pious people in the words of
the Amir al-Mu minin are their lucrative business, which they endure patience for
a short periods of time and instead they get an everlasting comfort. A few
points in this phrase from Amir al-Mu minin are important:
Shortness of life in the world
Amir al-Mu minin believes that the life of a
person in this world is very short, that people of pious with patience and
restraint in this short period of time gain peace and comfort in the eternal
life of the hereafter. The shortness of life in this world is something that
everyone understands. Everyone who has reached the middle age and old age has
touched the shortness of this world. This is the point in poetry and literature
in all cultures.
2. Patience in life
Amir Al-Momenin talked about patience in the
world, what is their meaning?In the narration from Amir al-Mu minin, he has
refered to the Prophet Muhammad, who said:
الصَّبْرُ ثَلاَثَةٌ، صَبْرٌ عِنْدَ الْمُصِیبَةِ؛
وَ صَبْرٌ عَلَی الطَّاعَةِ؛ وَ صَبْرٌ عَنِ الْمَعْصِیَةِ. کافی؛ ج 2، ص 75
Patience is threefold: patience in case of
misery; patience with obedience; patience with sinfulness.
The person with piety in each of these three
areas of patience, withstands the problems that he has and he rely on God and
do not suffer from the disappointment of divine mercy or infidelity with the
blessings of God.
3. Trade with life
The term “trade” and its synonymous
interpretations of the worldly life of good and evil people have been used
extensively in the Holy Qur an:
يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا هَلْ
أَدُلُّكُمْ عَلَى تِجَارَةٍ تُنْجِيكُمْ مِنْ عَذَابٍ أَلِيمٍ؛ تُؤْمِنُونَ
بِاللَّهِ وَرَسُولِهِ وَتُجَاهِدُونَ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ بِأَمْوَالِكُمْ
وَأَنْفُسِكُمْ ذَلِكُمْ خَيْرٌ لَكُمْ إِنْ كُنْتُمْ تَعْلَمُونَ؛ يَغْفِرْ
لَكُمْ ذُنُوبَكُمْ وَيُدْخِلْكُمْ جَنَّاتٍ تَجْرِي مِنْ تَحْتِهَا الْأَنْهَارُ
وَمَسَاكِنَ طَيِّبَةً فِي جَنَّاتِ عَدْنٍ ذَلِكَ الْفَوْزُ الْعَظِيمُ؛
وَأُخْرَى تُحِبُّونَهَا نَصْرٌ مِنَ اللَّهِ وَفَتْحٌ قَرِيبٌ وَبَشِّرِ
الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ﴿صف:10-۱۳﴾
O you who believe! Shall I
inform you of a trade that will save you from a painful torment? That you believe in God and His
Messenger, and strive in the cause of God with your possessions and yourselves.
That is best for you, if you only knew. He will forgive you your sins; and will admit you into gardens
beneath which rivers flow, and into beautiful mansions in the Gardens of Eden.
That is the supreme success. And
something else you love: support from God, and imminent victory. So give good
news to the believers.
In these verses, there is talk of a
business that saves good people from painful torment, and that business will be
realized by believing in God and trying to achieve it, the result of which is
the divine blessings and paradise and closeness to God.
إِنَّ الَّذِينَ يَتْلُونَ
كِتَابَ اللَّهِ وَأَقَامُوا الصَّلَاةَ وَأَنْفَقُوا مِمَّا رَزَقْنَاهُمْ سِرًّا
وَعَلَانِيَةً يَرْجُونَ تِجَارَةً لَنْ تَبُورَ؛ لِيُوَفِّيَهُمْ أُجُورَهُمْ
وَيَزِيدَهُمْ مِنْ فَضْلِهِ إِنَّهُ غَفُورٌ شَكُورٌ ﴿فاطر:29-۳۰﴾
Those who recite the Book of God,
and perform the prayer, and spend of what we have provided for them, secretly
and publicly, expect a trade that will not fail. He will pay them their dues in
full, and will increase them from His bounty. He is Forgiving and Appreciative.
In these verses, there has also been talk of non-decaying
business, in which the benefactors reach the endless reward of God by reciting
the Qur an, performing prayers and helping the poor of the community.
There is a verse in the Holy Quran that the reason
of this verse is sacrificial act of the Imam Ali, when he falls asleep in the
bed of the Prophet and puts his life at risk. The interpretation used in this
verse is also about the business between men and God. It Says:
وَمِنَ النَّاسِ مَنْ يَشْرِي نَفْسَهُ ابْتِغَاءَ
مَرْضَاتِ اللَّهِ وَاللَّهُ رَءُوفٌ بِالْعِبَادِ ﴿بقره:۲۰۷
And among the people is he who
sells himself seeking God’s approval. God is kind towards the servants.
On the other hand, regarding the wicked, the
unbelievers, and those who have chosen paths of disobedience and hypocrisy, the
Holy Qur an also uses the same notion of business and states:
أُولَئِكَ الَّذِينَ اشْتَرَوُا الضَّلَالَةَ بِالْهُدَى فَمَا رَبِحَتْ
تِجَارَتُهُمْ وَمَا كَانُوا مُهْتَدِينَ ﴿بقره:۱۶﴾
Those are they who have bartered
error for guidance; but their trade does not profit them, and they are not
guided.
The interpretation of “losing” in
Quran verses are also the subject of trade. The Holy Quran says about the
disbelievers:
لَهُ
مَقَالِيدُ السَّمَاوَاتِ وَالْأَرْضِ وَالَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا بِآيَاتِ اللَّهِ
أُولَئِكَ هُمُ الْخَاسِرُونَ ﴿زمر:۶۳﴾
It was revealed to you, and to
those before you, that if you idolize, your works will be in vain, and you will
be of the losers.
And the same interpretation applies to all
human beings who have not lived their lives with faith and righteous deeds:
إِنَّ
الْإِنْسَانَ لَفِي خُسْرٍ؛ إِلَّا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا وَعَمِلُوا الصَّالِحَاتِ
وَتَوَاصَوْا بِالْحَقِّ وَتَوَاصَوْا بِالصَّبْرِ ﴿عصر:2-۳﴾
The human being is in
loss. Except those who believe, and do good works, and
encourage truth, and recommend patience.
Some related this issue to the
effect of the adoption of the Quran from the culture of the society of the age,
because during the period of Prophet, the city of Mecca was the center of
trade, and its citizens were all traders and business men, and because of that
the Holy Quran did everything in the form of such It suggests that the Quran is
influenced by the culture of society of its age.
The answer is, first of all, all
people at all times and places deal with and manage their lives with business.
The discussion of private business did not have any period of human social
life, not the period of the Prophet, and not before or after that. It is more
palpable and understandable for all people to express the truths of the worldly
life in this language.
Secondly, half of the Prophet s
period was after the migration, and a large part of the Qur an was revealed in
the city of Medina, which was a farming community, and if the Qur an were to be
influenced by the culture of the community, it would be necessary to use the
verses and surah’s of civilization instead of trade Agricultural expressions
were used.
