Friday Prayer

 

اَلْحَمْدُ لِلّهِ بِجَمِیعِ مَحَامِدِه کُلِّهَا عَلَی جَمِیعِ نِعَمِهِ کُلِّهَا… اَلْحَمْدُ لِلّهِ مالِکِ الْمُلْکِ مُجْرِی الْفُلْکِ مُسَخِّرِ الرِّیاحِ فالِقِ الاْصْباحِ دَیّانِ الدّینِ رَبِّ الْعَالَمینَ اَلْحَمْدُ لِلّهِ عَلی حِلْمِهِ بَعْدَ عِلمِهِ وَالْحَمْدُ لِلّهِ عَلی عَفْوِهِ بَعْدَ قُدْرَتِهِ وَالْحَمْدُ لِلّهِ عَلی طُولِ اَناتِهِ فی غَضَبِهِ وَهُوَ قادِرٌ عَلی ما یُریدُ

Praise is to God with all his praises, for all his blessings. . . Praise is to God, the owner of the property, the operator of the orbit, the bender of the wind, the glory of the morning, the religion of the beliefs, lord of the worlds; praise is to God for his dream after his knowledge and thank God for forgiveness after his power, and praise be to God for his long patience in his wrath and he is capable to do what he wills

 

و نشهد أن لا اله الا الله وحده لا شریک له، و أَنَّ محمداً عبده و رسوله ارسله بالهدی و دین الحق لیظهره علی الدین کله و لو کره المشرکون اوصیکم عبادالله و نفسی بتقوی الله و اتباع امره و نهیه، و اخوفکم من عقابه

And we bear witness that there is no god but God alone, without partner, and that Muhammad is his servant and messenger, he sent him with guidance and the religion of truth, that he might proclaim it over all religion, even if the polytheists hated it.

 

The third period: Musa Kalim returns to Egypt and begins his mission

When Musa Kalimullah returned to Egypt, he lost his way and did not know which direction to go, in the dark; he was wandering as to what to do, when he saw a fire in a distance (from the side of Mount Toor). وَهَلْ أَتَاكَ حَدِيثُ مُوسَى؛ إِذْ رَأَى نَارًا فَقَالَ لِأَهْلِهِ امْكُثُوا إِنِّي آنَسْتُ نَارًا لَعَلِّي آتِيكُمْ مِنْهَا بِقَبَسٍ أَوْ أَجِدُ عَلَى النَّارِ هُدًى Did the story of Moses come to you, when he sighted a fire, and said to his family, ‘Wait! Indeed, I descry a fire! Maybe I will bring you a brand from it, or find some guidance at the fire.’ (Taha: 9-10)

When Musa got close to the place of fire, he heard the divine voice, who said to him: O Musa!  إِنِّي أَنَا رَبُّكَ فَاخْلَعْ نَعْلَيْكَ إِنَّكَ بِالْوَادِ الْمُقَدَّسِ طُوًى  Indeed I am your Lord! So take off your sandals. You are indeed in the sacred valley of Tuwa. (Taha: 12)

In this way, Musa became “Kalim Allah”! And he was addressed by God’s direct words, which: O Moses! I have chosen you; so listen to what is revealed. وَ أَنَا اخْتَرْتُكَ فَاسْتَمِعْ لِمَا يُوحَى (Taha:13)

 

The first divine teachings to Prophet Musa

God taught three points as the first and most important religious teachings to Prophet Musa:

  1. Monotheism: monotheism and belief in one God is one of the main teachings of all divine prophets, which is also the first point in the teachings of Prophet Musa: إِنَّنِي أَنَا اللَّهُ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا أَنَا Indeed I am Allah—there is no god except Me. (Taha: 14)
  2. Worship: The act of worship is always next to the religious belief, and it is both the right belief and the right action that make a person happy: فَاعْبُدْنِي وَأَقِمِ الصَّلَاةَ لِذِكْرِي So worship Me, and maintain the prayer for My remembrance. (Taha: 14)
  3. Resurrection: Belief in the Day of Judgment, and the fact that man must be accountable for his actions and beliefs, is one of the important teachings of all divine prophets: إِنَّ السَّاعَةَ آتِيَةٌ أَكَادُ أُخْفِيهَا لِتُجْزَى كُلُّ نَفْسٍ بِمَا تَسْعَى Indeed the Hour is bound to come: I will have it hidden, so that every soul may be rewarded for its endeavour. (Taha: 15)

 

Endurance and miracles

In the continuation of God’s instructions and commands to Musa Kalim, two practical methods are taught to him:

First; endurance: God tells Musa to endure against opposition and their conspiracies and not to be worried and anxious: فَلَا يَصُدَّنَّكَ عَنْهَا مَنْ لَا يُؤْمِنُ بِهَا وَاتَّبَعَ هَوَاهُ فَتَرْدَى So do not let yourself be distracted from it by those who do not believe in it and who follow their desires, or you will perish.’ (Taha: 16)

 

Second; miracles: God gives Musa miracles so that he can prove to those who doubt his relationship with God and the truthfulness of his prophetic claim that he is truly a messenger from God. To prove that God has given him power to do things that cannot be done by a normal human being. It is stated in the Torah: “Then Musa said to God: If the people of Israel do not believe my words and do not listen to me and say: How will we know that God has appeared to you? What shall I answer them?” And God said:[1]

وَمَا تِلْكَ بِيَمِينِكَ يَا مُوسَى؟

قَالَ: هِيَ عَصَايَ أَتَوَكَّأُ عَلَيْهَا وَأَهُشُّ بِهَا عَلَى غَنَمِي وَلِيَ فِيهَا مَآرِبُ أُخْرَى!

قَالَ: أَلْقِهَا يَا مُوسَى!

فَأَلْقَاهَا فَإِذَا هِيَ حَيَّةٌ تَسْعَى!

قَالَ: خُذْهَا وَلَا تَخَفْ سَنُعِيدُهَا سِيرَتَهَا الْأُولَى!

وَاضْمُمْ يَدَكَ إِلَى جَنَاحِكَ تَخْرُجْ بَيْضَاءَ مِنْ غَيْرِ سُوءٍ آيَةً أُخْرَى؛ لِنُرِيَكَ مِنْ آيَاتِنَا الْكُبْرَى؛

‘Moses, what is that in your right hand?’

 

He said, ‘It is my staff. I lean on it, and with it I beat down leaves for my sheep; and I have other uses for it.’

He said, ‘Moses, throw it down.’

So he threw it down, and behold, it was a snake, moving swiftly.

He said, ‘Take hold of it, and do not fear. We will restore it to its former state.

Now clasp your hand to your armpit: it will emerge white, without any harm—[this is yet] another sign,

that We may show you some of Our great signs. (Taha: 17-23)

 

In the Torah, a third miracle is also mentioned, which was given to Musa by God, but there is no mention of the third miracle in the holy Qur’an:

Then God said to Musa: If people do not believe the first miracle, they will believe the second. But if they do not accept your words after these two miracles, then take the water of the Nile and pour it on the dry land. Water will turn to blood![2]

 

God’s command to confronting with Pharaoh

After teaching these religious affairs and missionary methods, God gave Musa the mission to confront Pharaoh and invite him to God’s religion: اذْهَبْ إِلَى فِرْعَوْنَ إِنَّهُ طَغَى Go to Pharaoh. He has indeed rebelled.’ (Taha: 24)

The Torah tells us that Musa was worried and said to God, “Lord, I have never been a good speaker, neither before nor now that you have spoken to me. My speech and language are slow.”[3]

Apparently, Musa was worried about the past event of killing one of Pharaoh’s people, which he asked God to give him the power to speak, and to bring his brother Aaron with him as a helper. The holy Qur’an says:

قَالَ: رَبِّ اشْرَحْ لِي صَدْرِي؛ وَيَسِّرْ لِي أَمْرِي؛ وَاحْلُلْ عُقْدَةً مِنْ لِسَانِي؛ يَفْقَهُوا قَوْلِي؛ وَاجْعَلْ لِي وَزِيرًا مِنْ أَهْلِي؛ هَارُونَ أَخِي؛ اشْدُدْ بِهِ أَزْرِي؛ وَأَشْرِكْهُ فِي أَمْرِي؛ كَيْ نُسَبِّحَكَ كَثِيرًا؛ وَنَذْكُرَكَ كَثِيرًا؛ إِنَّكَ كُنْتَ بِنَا بَصِيرًا؛

He said, ‘My Lord! Open my breast for me. Make my task easy for me. Remove the hitch from my tongue, [so that] they may understand my speech. Appoint for me a minister from my family, Aaron, my brother. Strengthen my back through him, and make him my associate in my task, so that we may glorify You greatly, and remember You greatly. Indeed You see us best.’ (Taha: 25-35)

 

Then his Lord said to him: Go to Pharaoh with these two miracles and convey the divine message to him, that Pharaoh has stepped beyond his limits in his rebellion and seeking power.

 

 

[1] Bible, Exodus 4, 1

[2] Bible, Exodus 4, 8-9

[3] Bible, Exodus 4, 10

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