بسم الله الرحمن الرحیم
اَلْحَمْدُ لِلّهِ بِجَمِیعِ مَحَامِدِه کُلِّهَا عَلَی جَمِیعِ نِعَمِهِ کُلِّهَا… اَلْحَمْدُ لِلّهِ مالِکِ الْمُلْکِ مُجْرِی الْفُلْکِ مُسَخِّرِ الرِّیاحِ فالِقِ الاْصْباحِ دَیّانِ الدّینِ رَبِّ الْعَالَمینَ اَلْحَمْدُ لِلّهِ عَلی حِلْمِهِ بَعْدَ عِلمِهِ وَالْحَمْدُ لِلّهِ عَلی عَفْوِهِ بَعْدَ قُدْرَتِهِ وَالْحَمْدُ لِلّهِ عَلی طُولِ اَناتِهِ فی غَضَبِهِ وَهُوَ قادِرٌ عَلی ما یُریدُ
ثم الصلاه و السلام علی محمد عبده و رسوله ارسله بالهدی و دین الحق لیظهره علی الدین کله و لو کره المشرکون
اوصیکم عبادالله و نفسی بتقوی الله و اتباع امره و نهیه، و اخوفکم من عقابه
Fifteenth Sign of the righteous:
وَ يُصْبِحُ وَ هَمُّهُ الذِّكْرُ
He ends the day and all he think is God.
Another sign of people of piety is that they are always remembering the will of God by saying phrases (saying Dhikr). The faithful people begin the day with the mention of God. The remembrance of God in the early hours of the day has a special place in prayer and incoming of the day, and basically sleeping at this hour of the day is repulsive and avoids blessing on that day. Imam Reza (PBUH) says about the verse of the karimah:
فَالْمُقَسِّماتِ أَمْراً (ذاریات ۴
And those distributing as commanded.
الْمَلَائِکَهُ تُقَسِّمُ أَرْزَاقَ بَنِی آدَمَ مَا بَیْنَ طُلُوعِ الْفَجْرِ إِلَى طُلُوعِ الشَّمْسِ، فَمَنْ یَنَامُ فِیمَا بَیْنَهُمَا یَنَامُ عَنْ رِزْقِهِ
The angels divide the aliment of descendants of Adam between dawn and sunrise, so anyone who sleeps between these two times will be deprived of his aliment.
In the narations there is a great deal of prayer between the two sunrises. Imam Mojtaba (PBUH) quoted the Prophet (peace be upon him) as saying:
مَنْ صَلَّى الْفَجْرَ ثُمَ جَلَسَ فِی مَجْلِسِهِ یَذْکُرُ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ حَتَّى تَطْلُعَ الشَّمْسُ سَتَرَهُ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ مِنَ النَّارِ سَتَرَهُ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ مِنَ النَّارِ سَتَرَهُ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ مِنَ النَّارِ ثَلَاثاً
Whoever does the morning prayer and sits in his place and think of god with saying phrases until the sun rises, God will preserve him from the fire of hell. Prophet has repeated this sentence for three times.
Dhikr in holy Quran
There are many verses in the Holy Quran that dhikr has been mentioned. In some of these verses there are command for saying Dhikr:
یا أَیُّهَا الَّذِینَ آمَنُوا اذْکُرُوا اللَّهَ ذِکْراً کَثِیراً؛ وَ سَبِّحُوهُ بُکْرَهً وَ أَصِیلاً (احزاب:۴١-۴٢
O you who believe, remember God with frequent remembrance. And glorify Him morning and evening.
And in other verses he describes the wise men:
إِنَّ فِی خَلْقِ السَّماواتِ وَ الْأَرْضِ وَ اخْتِلافِ اللَّیْلِ وَ النَّهارِ لَآیاتٍ لِأُولِی الْأَلْبابِ؛ الَّذِینَ یَذْکُرُونَ اللَّهَ قِیاماً وَ قُعُوداً وَ عَلى جُنُوبِهِمْ وَ یَتَفَکَّرُونَ فِی خَلْقِ السَّماواتِ وَ الْأَرْضِ رَبَّنا ما خَلَقْتَ هذا باطِلاً سُبْحانَکَ فَقِنا عَذابَ النَّارِ (آل عمران:١٩٠-١٩۱
In the creation of the heavens and the earth, and in the alternation of night and day, are signs for people of understanding. Those who remember God while standing, and sitting, and on their sides; and they reflect upon the creation of the heavens and the earth: “Our Lord, You did not create this in vain, glory to You, so protect us from the punishment of the Fire.”
In a number of verses of the Holy Quran, the mention of God is recorded as a symbol of piety and righrousness:
إِنَّ الَّذِینَ اتَّقَوْا إِذا مَسَّهُمْ طائِفٌ مِنَ الشَّیْطانِ تَذَکَّرُوا فَإِذا هُمْ مُبْصِرُونَ (اعراف:٢٠١
Those who are righteous—when an impulse from Satan strikes them, they remind themselves, and immediately see clearly.
The precise point has been mentioned in this holy verse. The result of dhikr and mention of God at the time of the invasion of demons is the insight that the almighty God bestows upon the Pious. Wisdom is not a product of cleverness and intelligence, but it is the piety and remembrance of God that brings wisdom to us.
Another set of verses of the Holy Quran has described the boredom and avoidance of God as a sign of the hypocrites:
إِنَّ الْمُنافِقِینَ یُخادِعُونَ اللَّهَ وَ هُوَ خادِعُهُمْ وَ إِذا قامُوا إِلَى الصَّلاهِ قامُوا کُسالى یُراؤُنَ النَّاسَ وَ لا یَذْکُرُونَ اللَّهَ إِلاَّ قَلِیلاً (نساء:١۴٢
The hypocrites try to deceive God, but He is deceiving them. And when they stand for prayer, they stand lazily, showing off in front of people, and remembering God only a little.
A number of verses of the Qur’an expresses the effects of avoidance of dhikr and mentioning God:
وَ مَنْ یَعْشُ عَنْ ذِکْرِ الرَّحْمنِ نُقَیِّضْ لَهُ شَیْطاناً فَهُوَ لَهُ قَرِینٌ (زخرف:٣۶
Whoever shuns the remembrance of the Most Gracious, We assign for him a devil, to be his companion.
وَ مَنْ أَعْرَضَ عَنْ ذِکْرِی فَإِنَّ لَهُ مَعِیشَهً ضَنْکاً وَ نَحْشُرُهُ یَوْمَ الْقِیامَهِ أَعْمى (طه:١٢۴
But whoever turns away from My Reminder, for him is a confined life. And We will raise him on the Day of Resurrection blind.”
And another set of verses of the Holy Quran speaks of Satan’s machinations to separate man from God’s remembrance and dhikr:
إِنَّما یُرِیدُ الشَّیْطانُ أَنْ یُوقِعَ بَیْنَکُمُ الْعَداوَهَ وَ الْبَغْضاءَ فِی الْخَمْرِ وَ الْمَیْسِرِ وَ یَصُدَّکُمْ عَنْ ذِکْرِ اللَّهِ وَ عَنِ الصَّلاهِ فَهَلْ أَنْتُمْ مُنْتَهُونَ (مائده:٩١
Satan wants to provoke strife and hatred among you through intoxicants and gambling, and to prevent you from the remembrance of God, and from prayer. Will you not desist?
Dhikr in the narrations
In many narrations, the infallibles refer to the remembrance of God (dhikr). Some of them mention importance of dhikr, while others express its fruits and results. Faiz Kashani quotes the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, and writes:
ما عَمِلَ ابنُ آدمَ مِن عَمَلٍ أنجی لَهُ مِن عَذابِ اللهِ مِن ذِکرِ اللهِ تعالی؛
The son of Adam did nothing more effective than the mention of God (dhikr) the Almighty to save him from the doom of God.
And again the Prophet (peace be upon him) said:
مَنْ أَکْثَرَ ذِکْرَ اللَّهِ أَحَبَّهُ اللَّهُ
Whoever remembers God much, God will love him.