بسم الله الرحمن الرحیم
اَلْحَمْدُ لِلّهِ بِجَمِیعِ مَحَامِدِه کُلِّهَا عَلَی جَمِیعِ نِعَمِهِ
کُلِّهَا… اَلْحَمْدُ
لِلّهِ مالِکِ الْمُلْکِ مُجْرِی الْفُلْکِ مُسَخِّرِ الرِّیاحِ فالِقِ الاْصْباحِ
دَیّانِ الدّینِ رَبِّ الْعَالَمینَ اَلْحَمْدُ لِلّهِ عَلی حِلْمِهِ بَعْدَ عِلمِهِ
وَالْحَمْدُ لِلّهِ عَلی عَفْوِهِ بَعْدَ قُدْرَتِهِ وَالْحَمْدُ لِلّهِ عَلی طُولِ
اَناتِهِ فی غَضَبِهِ وَهُوَ قادِرٌ عَلی ما یُریدُ
ثم الصلاه و السلام علی محمد عبده و رسوله
ارسله بالهدی و دین الحق لیظهره علی الدین کله و لو کره المشرکون
اوصیکم عبادالله و نفسی بتقوی الله و اتباع امره و نهیه، و اخوفکم من
عقابه
We said that ” sermon of the
righteous ” is a speech from Amir al-Mu minin in Nahj al-Balaghah, which
refers to the attributes of the people of righteous, and is expressed in
response to the request of Hamam bin Sharīh, who was a follower of imam Ali. In
this sermon, after the prayers and divine sincere, and salutations to the
Prophet pbuh , imam Ali refer to three attributes of God s creations, grace,
and righteousness, and then he goes on to discuss the following:
فَالْمُتَّقُونَ فيها هُمْ اَهْلُ
الْفَضائِلِ؛
Thus, the God-fearing, in it are
the people of distinction.
And he expresses these virtues one by one. We
explained the first virtue that was “speaking the truth and right” last
week.
Second
virtue: moderation and temperance
مَلْبَسُهُمُ الإقْتِصَاد.
Their
dress is moderate.
The
“economy” and words same as that have been used several times in the holly
Qur an, and it means moderation everywhere. The Holy Quran says:
وَاقْصِدْ
فِي مَشْيِكَ وَاغْضُضْ مِنْ صَوْتِكَ لقمان:19
And moderate your stride, and lower your voice. The most repulsive
of voices is the donkey’s voice.”
وَلَوْ
أَنَّهُمْ أَقَامُوا التَّوْرَاةَ وَالْإِنْجِيلَ وَمَا أُنْزِلَ إِلَيْهِمْ مِنْ
رَبِّهِمْ لَأَكَلُوا مِنْ فَوْقِهِمْ وَمِنْ تَحْتِ أَرْجُلِهِمْ مِنْهُمْ
أُمَّةٌ مُقْتَصِدَةٌ ﴿مائده:۶۶﴾
Had they observed the Torah, and the Gospel, and what was revealed
to them from their Lord, they would have consumed amply from above them, and
from beneath their feet. Among them is a moderate community
وَإِذَا
غَشِيَهُمْ مَوْجٌ كَالظُّلَلِ دَعَوُا اللَّهَ مُخْلِصِينَ لَهُ الدِّينَ
فَلَمَّا نَجَّاهُمْ إِلَى الْبَرِّ فَمِنْهُمْ مُقْتَصِدٌ ﴿لقمان:۳۲﴾
When waves, like canopies, cover them, they call upon God, devoting
their religion to Him. But when He has delivered them to dry land, some of them
waver.
ثُمَّ
أَوْرَثْنَا الْكِتَابَ الَّذِينَ اصْطَفَيْنَا مِنْ عِبَادِنَا فَمِنْهُمْ
ظَالِمٌ لِنَفْسِهِ وَمِنْهُمْ مُقْتَصِدٌ وَمِنْهُمْ سَابِقٌ بِالْخَيْرَاتِ
﴿فاطر:۳۲﴾
Then We passed the Book to those of Our servants whom We chose. Some
of them wrong their souls, and some follow a middle course, and some are in the
foremost in good deeds by God’s leave
لَوْ كَانَ
عَرَضًا قَرِيبًا وَسَفَرًا قَاصِدًا لَاتَّبَعُوكَ ﴿توبه:۴۲﴾
Had the gain
been immediate, and the journey shorter, they would have followed you
For this reason, they
call the science of economics a so-called “moderate” method of
consumption, And among the people, they are
called economical of those who are saving and avoiding extremism.
“Clothing” in
this word does not mean only clothing, but means the method and
stzle of life. If the cloth is meant to cover and dress, then the meaning of
the word of the Prophet is that those who are pious in their dress and cover are
moderate, and they are not wearing expensive clothes; and if it means more
widespread and The meaning of cloth is the way of life. The meaning of the word
is that those who are in a lifestyle that is moderate, and avoid extremism.
The Holy Quran considers
one of the superiority of the Ummah of Islam to others as this moderation and
says:
وَكَذَلِكَ
جَعَلْنَاكُمْ أُمَّةً وَسَطًا لِتَكُونُوا شُهَدَاءَ عَلَى النَّاسِ وَيَكُونَ
الرَّسُولُ عَلَيْكُمْ شَهِيدًا ﴿بقره:۱۴۳﴾
Thus We made
you a moderate community, that you may be witnesses to humanity, and that the
Messenger may be a witness to you.
“Being at the middle”
for a group means being placed among the two classes of societies, which is not
inside of any of them. And the Holy Qur an called the Ummah as a middle and
regarded it as a desirable attribute for this Ummah, referring to the fact that
“the Ummah of Islam is the same for the people [the people of the Book and
the Idolatrous], for the sake of The fact that a group of people took only
materialistic, and they don’t want anything else except the life of the world
and the zeal and the beauty of the world.
Some other people have
only strengthened the soul, and they are only seeking to leave the world and
reach the other world … .However, the Ummah of
Islam, that God placed it in the middle, and it’s a religion which guides the people towards the
middle ways, the way that neither has the extremity of that group, nor the
subtlety of the other group, but the way Which strengthens both sides, both sides
of the body, and of the soul, in a way that does not support the body from the
rear of the soul, and does not strengthen the soul from the body, but accumulated
virtues of both sides.
The commentators of the Quran
understood the Ummah of Islam as a ummah that believes moderation in all matters,
and it implies that “the moderation in the conception and the belief…. it
means the lack of excellence in spiritual immorality, and the lack of immersion
in the materialistic attachments for men; And moderation in understanding and
thinking … and not to emulate from everything that innovates something new;
and the moderation in the order of affairs … it means not to release all of The
affairs and assignment to desires of the people, and the lack of hundred percent
emphasis on the laws and the strictness of the conduct of regulations; and the
moderation in communication and social relations … means the absence of
personality corruption And the individual identity of the society with the cost
of the interests of society, and the non-collapse of the personality of society
for giving value to some individuals.
In this way, moderation
in all affairs is the characteristics of the person with piety and the
community and the Ummah with the consent of God. A person with moderation is modest and not
a radical one, and the religious community is a society that is not shrewd person in the worldly affairs, and not
always abandon it, and only think in the hereafter, but a society, that isModern
and civilized, enjoying the most advanced technology in the world, and enjoying
the latest scientific achievements of the world, and possessing prominent
scholars in all affairs; and at the same time, a society with the highest
spiritual and spiritual motivations and people who try to build up their other
world with high motivation. As the Holy Quran says:
وَابْتَغِ
فِيمَا آتَاكَ اللَّهُ الدَّارَ الْآخِرَةَ وَلَا تَنْسَ نَصِيبَكَ مِنَ
الدُّنْيَا القصص: 77
But seek, with
what God has given you, the Home of the Hereafter, and do not neglect your
share of this world.