In the name of God, the Compassionate and the Merciful
الحمد
لله ربّ العالمين و الحمد لله الذی لا مُضادّ له في مُلكه و لا مُنازِعَ لَهُ في
أمره. الحمدالله الذی لا شريك لَهُ في خلقه ولا شبيه لَهُ في عَظَمَتِه جزء من
دعاء الإفتتاح وصلّی الله علی سيدّنا ونبيّنا محمّد صلّی الله عليه وعلی آله
الطاهرين واصحابه المنتجبين.
عبادالله ! أُوصيكم و نفسي بتقوی الله و
اتّباع امره و نهیه.
This important point was emphasized in previous matters that the sharia
of Islam specified the obligations and rights of human beings in details and even
determined the duties and obligations of people when there was a contrast
between personal and social rights. It was said that a right was something that
was in favor of a person and left to others and an obligation was something
that was left to a person and in favor of others. Hence, there is equality and
proportionate between the right of a person and the obligation of another
person. In other words, there are obligations as many as rights for individuals
in the society. Moreover, as it was mentioned in the previous matters, if a
society is based on fairness and wisdom, there is a mutual relationship between
rights and obligations. Hence, it can be concluded that a person in the society
has rights as well as obligations towards the society and others and it is not
appropriate that a person has only obligations or only rights. Of course, it is
completely clear that the right of each person is as much as his or her
obligations and responsibilities towards the society and others. Therefore, human
beings that have no responsibilities and obligations towards the society and will
not benefit from the rights of others.
However, it should be reminded that obligations are necessary when people
are able to fulfill them. Hence, old people that are old and sick and cannot
work and try in life have no obligations towards the society and others due to
lack of ability. Consequently, the Islam that is merciful and kind towards
human beings has rules and regulations for these people in the society. It has
been mentioned in the Islamic doctrines that they should be highly respected by
all of members of the society and the government and should have the rights of citizenship
and human and no one should ignore their rights for living. As it has been said
in our narrations,
وَقّروا کِبارَکم
Respect adults and old
people and behave them mildly . This verse emphasizes on preserving the rights
of this group of people.
In the sharia of
Islam, the rights of human beings have been emphasized as exactly and
completely as there are wisdom and philosophy for individual rules such as praying so that people can gain real
relaxation that is their right .
Since praying,
reciting the Quran and other individual rules have a crucial and key role, they
are considered as vajeb necessary affairs and people should try to achieve real
relaxation not temporary material enjoyment and the way of achieving this real
relaxation has been determined by religious doctrines. Hence, the Quran states
اقم الصلوة لذکری[1]
In another verse, the Quran states that remembering God is the only
factor of relaxation and assurance.
الا بذکرالله تطمئن
القلوب[2]
Hence, it can be claimed that the obligations of God are determined
so that human beings can achieve the rights of human. In summary, the path of
achieving to real bliss and happiness in the Islam is through following the sharia.
What is important to know is that only human beings can use the benefits and
advantages of divine obligations. Hence, it is completely clear that none of
these obligations and religious duties have benefits for God because God is
enriched of enjoyments and does not need anything from his creatures and all these
obligations from God are like the recommendations of a physician to his patients.
In fact, following the recommendations of a physician is in the favor of a
patient not the physician and if a patient disobeys the orders of his or her
physician, he or she and their society will be hurt. Hence, if a person does
not follow the obligations and the right path, only he or she will go awry. [3]Because
the compassionate and merciful God wants to benefit all of his blessings and mercies
to human beings, he has sent his prophets in order to guide human. To thank the
great blessings of God, we should fulfill our obligations perfectly so that we
can achieve comfort, relaxation and the happiness of life and the doomsday.
Amir Al-Momenin peace be upon him stated: God has created the doomsday full
of blessings and sent the prophets in order to invite human there.
Unfortunately, some people have not accepted the invitation of God; as a
consequence, they have been disgraced in this world due to their bad deeds.”[4]
1.
Taa Surah/ Verse 2
2.
Rad Surah/ verse 28
3.
Mola Sadra/ Tafsir Al-Quran Al-Karim v 2 p 49
4.
Nahj Al-Balaghe/ sermon 109 translated by deceased Dashti